Shooting history

Shooting  - Olympic Sports

 

 

 

History

 

The first sightings of firearms dating from the late fifteenth century. Originally shot used to hunt and feed themselves, and of course as a weapon of war. The shooting turned into a sport in the 19th century, especially in English speaking countries. The National Rifle Association was founded in 1871. In 1858, the American Samuel Colt devised the system of the barrel. Clair Brothers laid the first patent for an automatic weapon in 1888. Since 1858, the basic rules appear and are found in Switzerland in 1860 the first fire companies. The clay pigeons by air powered launcher automatically replace live pigeons. The shooting becomes a sport discipline. The International Shooting Union was founded in 1887 and in 1896 the shooting was admitted to the Olympics. In 1897 in Lyon were held the first world championships.

 

 

The Federation International Shooting Sport (ISSF)

Founded in 1907, has 151 member countries.

 

 

Shooting and Olympism

Shooting has always been part of the Olympic program except in 1928. Shooting female enters the Olympic in 1984, however, between 1968 and 1980, some trials were mixed. Olympic shooting includes 17 tests against 3 in 1896, including 7 women and 10 men.

 

Competition

The shooting is

ise into two groups:

1 --

shooting events on fixed targets

for handguns rifle and pistol.

2 --

shooting events on trays (

a moving target or "clay pigeon") for long guns: trap, running boar, clay pigeon shooting and skeet.

Under the gun, there are four different groups: shotgun, rifle, pistol and running target.

- Testing the gun opponents are opposed to shooting at targets launched from different directions.

- Testing the rifle and pistol are held in the stands with competitors aiming at targets at a distance of 10, 25 and 50 meters. The ordeal of moving target or moving between gunmen on a target which passes through an opening of two meters, a distance of 10 meters.

1)

Target Shooting fixed

 

Rifle

- 10 m Rifle

Olympic sport for men and women. Weapon: Rifle standard compressed air from a grade 4.5. Program: 40 shots for women and 60 strokes for men from standing. For the final between the top 8, a series of 10 additional strokes is drawn (added to the preliminary score).

- 50 m Rifle

This discipline includes the following standard categories:

 

 

Rifle 3 x 40

Olympic sport. Weapon: Rifle free small arms. Program: 120 shots were fired in three positions: 40 moves to position "lying", 40 moves to position "standing" and 40 moves to position "knee". The final between the top 8 (after a playoff game in 10 moves further) is drawn into position "standing".

 

 

Rifle 3 x 20 balls

Olympic sport. Weapon: Rifle free small arms for women

 

- 60 rifle bullets coated or English game

Olympic sport for men. Weapon: Rifle free small arms. Program: 60 shots are fired in position "lying".

 

 

 

The rifle is part of the biathlon.

Pistol

 

 

- 10 m Pistol (marksmanship)

Olympic sport since 1988. The target is 10 meters. The competitor takes 40 pellets in 1:15 for women and 60 in 1:45 for men with a gun CO2 cartridge or compressed air. In the finals between the 8 finalists, a series of 10 shots is added. The pistol is 10 meters disciplines of modern pentathlon.

 

- Pistol Olympic sprint

There are 5 target swing, located at 25 meters. They fired 60 bullets into 2 sets of 30 shots with a semiautomatic pistol 22 short. First round: 2 times 5 shots fired in 8 seconds, then 2 sets of 5 shots fired in 6 seconds and 2 series of 5 shots fired in 4 seconds.

 

- Large caliber sport pistol

The target is 25 meters. It takes 30 shots in 'accuracy' with a pistol 32 or 38 (LR 22 for women). These shots are decomposed into 6 series of 5 shots fired in 5 seconds and 30 shots in "speed" in 6 sets of 5 balls. The shooter was only 3 seconds for each shot, since the target disappears Swivel 7 seconds between each shot.

 

- Standard Pistol

Global discipline to a target located 25 meters. Weapon: Pistol 22 LR. It takes 60 shots broken down into 3 sets of 20 shots: 4 times 5 shots in 50 seconds, 4 times 4 shots in 20 seconds and 4 times 5 shots in 10 seconds.

 

- Free Pistol

The target is 50 meters. They fired 60 bullets in 2 hours with a blow gun (caliber LR22). These shots are broken down into 6 rounds of 10 shots.

 

Shot on Target Mobile

- Mobile Target at 10 meters

Olympic sport since 1992 and globally since 1993. Weapon: air rifle equipped with a magnifying optical sight.

Caliber: 4.5 mm. Shooting distance: 10 meters. Route Target: 2 meters. Travel Time: slow speed (5 seconds) or high speed (2.5 seconds). Competition: 60 shots that break down into 2 sets of 30 shots (in a slow speed and fast speed).

 

- Moving Target 50 meters or "boar power"

Olympic sport until 1988. Weapon: 22 LR rifle equipped with a magnifying optical sight. Shooting distance: 50 meters.

Route target: 10 meters. Competition: 60 shots that break down into 2 sets of 30 shots (in a slow speed and fast speed).

 

2)

Shooting on trays

1814: the live pigeon shooting was introduced in England - 1831: pigeon shooting is imported to Paris by Bryon (Tivoli and Porte Dauphine) - 1880: introduction of pigeon in England launched by skeet shooting - 1898: The ball - trap is imported in France - 1910: The Skeet was invented in the United States - 1934: The skeet is imported into France.

 

 

Trap

/ Trap

The pit is a trench covered with a roof in which were placed in groups of three, 15 aircraft launch platforms, or clay pigeons. The shooter does not know the angle and speed plateaus. Nine grid adjustment manage launching apparatus. The shooting stations are 15 meters from the launching apparatus. Six shooters constituting 'the plank' rotate through one of 5 shooting stations. The competition consists of totaling the highest score by making 125 plates in series of 25 trays each. Shelf Diameter: 11 cm - thickness: 2.5 cm.

The average speed of a plate can reach 140 km / h.

Skeet

Another test shooting plates invented by the Americans in 1910. On a field half-moon, there are at each end or a trap hut run: a high (called "mark") launches the pigeon to 3.05 m and the other low ( 'pull') to 1 , 07 m above ground. As their paths cross at 4.57 m above the ground at speeds 90 to 120 km / h. The shooters who move out of eight shooting stations are equidistant targets from different angles (simple plates launched from a single or double cabin: targets launched simultaneously in each cabin) and must break them by pulling a single cartridge per tray with a shotgun (12 gauge cartridge and maximum 24 grams). Diameter of plate: 110 mm to 110 g. The competition takes place on 125 plates (Series 25) for qualifying plus 25 in the final.

Double Trap

Three launching apparatus located 15 meters from the shooters in the pit launch 2 plates together with the trajectory, angle and height are known to the shooter. They fired 3 times 50 trays (25 doubles) or 3 times 40 trays (20 doubles). You can shoot with Shotguns (12 gauge maximum, 24 grams maximum per cartridge).

 

Early history

The oldest gun club is the English club of "Olds Hats" which, in the early 19th century, invented a system of shooting at moving targets. It owed its name to the technique used then. Five top hats were arranged in a semicircle near the shooting range. Under each hat, a pigeon. At the command of the shooter, a tug on the string attached to one of the top hats overthrew it. The pigeon flew free.

 

 Glossary

 

Weapons

Gun: Gun short of using compressed air or carbon dioxide to shoot bullets. It takes with one hand.

Pistol compressed air gun using compressed air or carbon dioxide to shoot bullets.

Rifle: Gun shoulder with spiral grooves cut on the inside of the barrel to give the ball a rotary motion and to render its trajectory more precisely.
Air Rifle: Rifle using compressed air or carbon dioxide to shoot bullets.

Rifle three positions: shooting competition in which shooters shoot prone, standing and kneeling.

Moving Target: Target set on a track simulating a moving animal or another target.

Double trap: Test firing of the trap in which two targets are launched simultaneously at different heights and angles and that the shooter must hit.
Trap or Trap: Sport shooting at targets launched into the air from a pit.

Rifle: Weapon for smooth draw stroke round.

Skeet shooting on Form plateaus where the targets are launched from two pits about 40 feet away and the shooter moves in an arc in different positions, firing from various angles.

 

 

 

Namely:

Mile: Circle of the central target during the test pistol, rifle or moving target with a value of 10 points, also known as "fly" or "10 Central"
Fly: Circle of the central target during the test pistol, rifle or moving target with a value of 10 points, also known as "thousand" or "10 Central".

 

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